How to Use an Asthma Inhaler Correctly: Step-by-Step Guide

March 15, 2025

Asthma inhalers are essential for managing asthma symptoms effectively, but they must be used correctly to ensure proper medication delivery. Incorrect use can lead to inadequate symptom control and unnecessary medication wastage. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to using different types of inhalers properly.

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Understanding Your Inhaler Type

Asthma inhalers come in two main types:

Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs): These deliver a specific dose of medication in aerosol form. Some require a spacer for better effectiveness.
Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs): These deliver medication in a fine powder form, requiring a strong, deep breath to inhale the dose properly.

Knowing your inhaler type is crucial as each has a different technique for proper use.

If you use an MDI like asthma inhaler, following the right technique is crucial for effective relief.

Preparing Your Inhaler

Before using your inhaler, take the following preparatory steps:

Check the inhaler for any damage and ensure it is not expired.
Shake the inhaler well (for MDIs) to mix the medication.
Prime the inhaler if it’s new or hasn’t been used for a while by spraying a test dose into the air (for MDIs).

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Using a Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI) Correctly

If you’re using an MDI like Ventolin, follow these steps to ensure proper usage:

Step-by-Step Guide:

Remove the cap and inspect the mouthpiece for any debris or blockages.
Shake the inhaler well (if required).
Exhale fully to empty your lungs before inhaling.
Place the mouthpiece in your mouth and form a tight seal with your lips.
Press down on the canister while simultaneously inhaling slowly and deeply.
Hold your breath for 10 seconds to allow the medication to reach your lungs.
Exhale slowly and wait at least 30 to 60 seconds before taking another puff if required.

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Using a Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) Correctly

Step-by-Step Guide:

Open the inhaler as instructed.
Load the dose if required (some DPIs need twisting or pressing a lever).
Exhale away from the inhaler (to prevent moisture from entering).
Place the mouthpiece in your mouth and seal your lips around it.
Inhale deeply and forcefully to draw the medication into your lungs.
Hold your breath for 10 seconds before exhaling slowly.
Close the inhaler and store it properly.

Unlike MDIs, DPIs do not require pressing a canister—the medication is activated by the force of your inhalation. If want to replace your dry powder inhaler, you can buy it from here.

Using a Spacer with Your Inhaler

A spacer is a chamber attached to an MDI to improve medication delivery. It is especially useful for children or those who struggle with coordination.

How to Use a Spacer:

Attach the inhaler to the spacer.
Shake the inhaler before use.
Exhale fully before placing the spacer mouthpiece in your mouth.
Press down on the inhaler canister to release a dose into the spacer.
Inhale deeply and slowly through the spacer or take four to five normal breaths if using a mask.
Hold your breath for 10 seconds before exhaling.

A spacer helps reduce side effects like throat irritation, especially for steroid inhalers.

After Using Your Inhaler

To ensure continued effectiveness and prevent side effects, follow these aftercare steps:

Rinse your mouth after using steroid inhalers to prevent oral thrush.
Clean the inhaler regularly by wiping the mouthpiece and rinsing the spacer (if used).
Store your inhaler in a dry place at room temperature, away from direct sunlight.

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Common Mistakes to Avoid

Incorrect inhaler use can result in poor symptom control. Common mistakes include:

❌ Not shaking the inhaler before use (for MDIs)
❌ Inhaling too quickly or not deeply enough
❌ Not forming a proper seal with the mouthpiece
❌ Forgetting to hold your breath after inhalation
❌ Using an empty inhaler without realising

Using a spacer with an MDI can help correct some of these mistakes and improve medication delivery.

When to Seek Help

If you experience the following issues, seek advice from a doctor or pharmacist:

Your asthma symptoms persist despite using the inhaler correctly.
You are using your reliever inhaler more than three times a week.
Your inhaler runs out too quickly, indicating possible overuse.
You feel unsure about your inhaler technique.

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Conclusion

Using an asthma inhaler correctly is vital for effective asthma management. Whether using an MDI or DPI, following the right technique ensures the medication reaches your lungs properly.

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